Ingot mold



Feb. 1e 1926. 1,573,486

E. GATHMANN INGOT MOLD Filed Oct. 5, 1925 Patented Feb. ,16, 1926.

, UNITED STATES EMIL GATHMANN, F BALTIMORE, MARYLAND.

INGO'L MOLD. y

Application filed October 3, 1925. Serial No. 60,260.

To all whom 'it may concer/n.'

Be it known that I, EMIL GATHMANN, a citizen ofthe United States, and resident of Baltimore, in the State of Maryland,

have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Ingot Molds, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to ingot molds of v the kind in which the mold chamber has a bottom opening closed by a plug while casting, and which is stripped or has the ingot vremoved from the mold by forcing the plug into the mold cavity so as toraise the ingot to a suliicient extent to permit it to be en- -gaged by lifting devices which withdraw it from the mold. e

My invention consists in giving a novel shape to the lower portion of the mold cavity Y whereby the escape of molten metal from the bottom of the-mold is prevented and the lodgement of foreign matter on the lower j walls of the mold cavity'is avoided.

. My. invention is preferably applied to a mold of the big-end up type. Such'molds aregenerally used in connection with feeders or shrink head casings made of refractory or semi-refractory material which have a tendency in molds as previously constructed, to drop lumps or particles into the mold which tend to lodgeon the side walls of the lowerl portion of the mold chamber when the ingot` is stripped from the mold. This has sometimes been a' serious matter, but it is remedied by my'4 invention.

By my invention also the'mold chamber is so shaped that the ingot formed therein will be free from fish tails or fthin flanges which would interfere with the proper rolling or working of the ingot. A

My improvements are-illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

-Figure 1 is a vertical central section of an ingot mold embodying my improvements, showing the mold resting on a stool or support of ordinary construction.

The remaining figures are on an enlarged scale. Figure 2 is a-.plan view of the mold.

lFigure 3 shows a vertical section through the lower 'portion of the mold on the line 3- -3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 shows a vertical section ofthe lower portion of the Lmold through the corners thereof on the line 4 4 of Figure 2.

A big-end up ingot mold A of the GathmannV type is shown in Figure 1, although my lnvention may be applied to molds of other kinds. The mold cavity B is wider at top than vat bottom and it is provided with a bottom vopening C preferably formed with downwardly tapering walls as shown. The

-mold rests on a stool or support D, having an opening d directly under but preferably somewhat wider than the opening C. While casting, the bottom opening of the mold is closed by a plug E, the upper portion of which fits the walls ofthe opening C and the lower portion of which extends into the opening in the stool.

In common practice, after the ingot is cast, the plug E is raised by suitable apparatus so as to lift the ingot in the mold to a suficient extent to permit lifting tongs or other suitable devices to engage the upper end of v the ingot and withdraw'it from the mold,

`thus making it unnecessary to move the mold from its support during the stripping operation.

My United States Patent No. 1,188,7 51 of June 27, 1916 shows a mold of ysomewhat similar construction to that shown in the accompanying drawings, in which the lower part of the mold cavity is necked in, bein formed with y concave walls which exten from the major mold walls inwardly and downwardly toward the bottom openmg of the mold, but which join and merge into conf vex wall portions which in turn mergeiinto the side walls of the bottom opening of the mold. These convex or curved walls as shown in my prior patent, are of much smaller radius than that of the concave walls. I have found that improved results are obtained by making the Vbottom opening of the mold wider than heretofore, and by giving to themajor convex walls substantially the ,same radius as the concave walls. In this way I avoid the formation of a ledge or ledges which would tend to catch and hold .foreign matter, such as lumps or particles of the shrink head casing which might be detached and dropped into the mold'during the stripping operation. Such foreign matter in the mold would seriously interfere with the subsequent use of the mold.

The necked 1n portion of the lower part of the mold surrounding the bottom opening thereof should be of such angular contour the major walls of the mold cavity are ta` pered downwardly and they merge into con- -cave Walls a which in turn merge into convex walls a.v Broadly speaking, this arrangementA is similar to that in my before l vmentioned patent, but I have found vthat neath the outer mold walls is decided advantages are obtained by forming the convex walls of the sides ofthe mold of substantially the same radius as the concavel walls, thus avoiding the formation of ledges which would tend to catch and hold forelgn matter and thus facilitate the sliding downwardly through thebottom opening of the vmold of any foreign matter which may be deposited in the mold.

ure 3 concave and convex walls formed with a three inch radius. Figure 2 indicates that the corners of the mold cavity arev glven a' differential shape and inl view of this difference in the shape of the mold cavity at the corners, it is desirable to form the concave walls at the corners with a ve inch radiusand the convex walls with a three inch radius. i

The drawings-indicate the preferred radii and also the preferred'dimensions of different parts of the mold. These dimensions arenotbinding but are relative.

By the construction shown following the general relative dimensions indicating sticking of the ingot in the mold at its lower end and all leakage of the molten metal beentirely prevented.

The dimensions indicated on the drawings i -as before stated are by .way of example and are relative. As shown the ratio -of the opening the bottom of the mold is substantially-seven to nine, i. e. when the bottom opening has a maximum cross section of seven inches, 'the cross section of the mold .chamber where the necking in begins is nine inches. Inmolds of larger size, the relative cross section should be fourteen inches to eighteen inches; :twenty-eight inches,v to thirty-six inches; and so on.

' By using a large bottom opening and a large plug or closure a greater chilling surface is provided and a-large target is afforded for the pouring operation, thusI avoiding toa great extent the impact of the molten metal against the side walls of the mold cavity which would tend to cuty said walls or weld some of the molten metal to them and thus make it difficult to withdraw the ingot from 'the mold.

I claim as my invention:

1v. A lmetallic ingot mold having an open- I ing through its top and through its lower end and having a vertically extending ingotforming chamber, the lower side walls of which above the bottom opening have concaved necked-in portions `that join side walls of convex contourv which are inter- 2,. 'A metallicingot moldhaving an opening through'its lower end land having a vertically extending ingot l:torn'iing chamber,

the lower portion'y of'which above the bottom opening 'is' yformed with `major concave necked-in walls which join major convex walls interposed between ytheside walls of the bottom opening vand said major concave walls; the Acorners of thev mold vinits lower v portion being necked-in andconcaved'with y way'of example I have shown 1n F1g' a larger'- radius. than vsaid 'concave 'major walls.

3. An: ingot` mold having an opening through its `lower end and having a vertically extending 'in ot lforming chamber, the `lower portion o which above the bot,- tom opening. i's formed with major concave neckedinwalls`which join major convex walls ofsubstantially the same radius which are interposed between the side walls of the bottom 'opening andthe said major concave walls, the'corners of the mold in its lower portionconsisting `of secondary concave walls which are necked-in and concavedfwithv-a'larger radius than that of -fsaid concaved Amajor walls. f

'4.Aningot mold having a wide, round, tapered .ope'x'iing through its lower end and a vertically'extendinviingot chamberV the lowerportionl of which above the bottom opening is vformed of convex and four ma- 3cr concave walls which join the convex Walla-.the corners of said 'mold 1n lts lower portion .havmg four concave secondary walls,v the 'radius of which is larger than i ,that ofthe 'concave major walls.

5. ,Aningot mold` having around, in.

wardlytapered opening at its lower end and having v'an in ot 'forming chamber,the lower portion o which, that merges into the bottom opening, is formed of convex walls and with' .concaved walls which merge into the convex walls, the corners of the mold in its lowerv ortion being necked-in and concaved" wit a larger radius ythan that of the said previously mentioned concave walls.

6. An ingot mold having a round, inwardly tapered opening through its lower end and having aA vertically extending 'in1 got forming chamber, the lower portion of which above the bottom opening is shaped to merge into convex walls which in turn merge Imto upwardly extending concave major walls and into concave corner walls,

7. A metallic ngot mold having a venA tically extending ingot chamber, the lower major walls of which are formed of a conf 'cave contour and the lower corner walls of which are likewise formed with a concave contour, the radii of the concave corner walls being greater than the radii which form the concave contour of the major walls.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name.

EMIL GATHMANN, 

